I had to write all this crap for a portfolio project in my music engineering class so i thought i'd post it here too. 
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Almost all music composition software is extension compatible. Here are some basic equipment set ups.
MIDI Keyboards

Definition: MIDI Keyboards are piano-style extensions that hook in through your USB port. You can do things like program sounds to it and then record whatever you want through your music composition software. These are almost essential to any potential artists.
Price: You can expect to find basic MIDI piano keyboards ranging between 50 and 120 dollars, however models can get much more expensive.
Here are some cheap models and equipment.
Here are some more expensive models and equipment.
Programming:
You can learn more about how to program them here.
http://www.ehow.com/how_5104590_use-...ntrollers.html
Example Video:
MPC Drum Machine Samplers

Definition: A Music Production Center, or MPC, is basically a modern day drum machine. This give a person the ability to sample your own sounds in any form they like. You can program a different sound or beat to each key.
Price: The most basic MPC equipment can be found between 40 and 60 dollars; however, the price range reaches all the way up to 2000-3000 dollars.
Here are some prices.
http://www.pricegrabber.com/cheap+ak.../products.html
Programming:
You can learn more about how to program them here:
http://www.ehow.com/video_4437996_pr...-mpc-4000.html
*Note it may vary depending on the model.
Example Video:
Equalizers

Definition: Equalizers alter frequencies in music. Basically, they change the way something sounds. Using an equalizer, you can engineer your own foreign sounds by distorting already existing sounds. This is why music has evolved so much as technology has come into play.
Price: The price on equalizers generally range between 100$ and thousands of dollars.
Here are some exact prices.
http://www.sweetwater.com/store/cate...FQWFQAodcWrGPg
Programming: You can learn more about how to program here.
http://www.ehow.com/how_5920826_use-...equalizer.html
Example Video:
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Those are all the most basic sets of equipment one could use to enhance the production of electronic music as much as possible.

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Almost all music composition software is extension compatible. Here are some basic equipment set ups.
MIDI Keyboards

Definition: MIDI Keyboards are piano-style extensions that hook in through your USB port. You can do things like program sounds to it and then record whatever you want through your music composition software. These are almost essential to any potential artists.
Price: You can expect to find basic MIDI piano keyboards ranging between 50 and 120 dollars, however models can get much more expensive.
Here are some cheap models and equipment.
Here are some more expensive models and equipment.
Programming:
You can learn more about how to program them here.
http://www.ehow.com/how_5104590_use-...ntrollers.html
Example Video:
MPC Drum Machine Samplers

Definition: A Music Production Center, or MPC, is basically a modern day drum machine. This give a person the ability to sample your own sounds in any form they like. You can program a different sound or beat to each key.
Price: The most basic MPC equipment can be found between 40 and 60 dollars; however, the price range reaches all the way up to 2000-3000 dollars.
Here are some prices.
http://www.pricegrabber.com/cheap+ak.../products.html
Programming:
You can learn more about how to program them here:
http://www.ehow.com/video_4437996_pr...-mpc-4000.html
*Note it may vary depending on the model.
Example Video:
Equalizers

Definition: Equalizers alter frequencies in music. Basically, they change the way something sounds. Using an equalizer, you can engineer your own foreign sounds by distorting already existing sounds. This is why music has evolved so much as technology has come into play.
Price: The price on equalizers generally range between 100$ and thousands of dollars.
Here are some exact prices.
http://www.sweetwater.com/store/cate...FQWFQAodcWrGPg
Programming: You can learn more about how to program here.
http://www.ehow.com/how_5920826_use-...equalizer.html
Example Video:
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Those are all the most basic sets of equipment one could use to enhance the production of electronic music as much as possible.
and i know what you mean! I use the Akai MPK25, 25 key midi keyboard with octave up and octave down buttons, but its got 12 MPC drumpads included as well as some equalizer and mixer-fader functions.
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