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If the Cat class implements a make_sound function, and you call make_sound on a Cat object, you are calling the make_sound from the Cat class unless you first cast the Cat object to be of type Animal (assuming Cat class inherits from Animal class), in which case you'd be calling the make_sound from Animal class.

If the Cat class does not implement a make_sound function, but inherits from an Animal class which does, and you call the make_sound function, you are calling the one from the Animal class.